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Thursday, September 3, 2020
Movie Review Shawshank Redemption Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words
Film Review Shawshank Redemption - Essay Example He acknowledges the discipline with pride, not fretting over the social disgrace related, for he realizes he is guiltless. The Shawshank Prison mirrors the drudgery and gradualness of jail life, as is noticeable in most jail film. The striking distinction in any case, is the depiction of Andyââ¬â¢s free and confident soul, and how one free soul can realize an extreme change in nature. Andy experiences his portions of difficulties in jail. The Shawshank jail mirrors probably the rawest types of human rightsââ¬â¢ infringement including ââ¬Å"the Sistersâ⬠endeavoring to get Andy to perform oral sex for them. The film is about a decided, cheerful individual with an unyielding soul breaking liberated from the shackles of hopelessness. Andy, gradually however consistently, inches his way through the dividers utilizing a stone sledge over a time of decades until he at long last breaks free. In any event, during his stay in jail, Andy improves the personal satisfaction of his detainees by setting up a little jail library. His insight into Banking and Taxation help him to at first work with the degenerate superintendent, at long last uncover his wrongdoings out in the open and driving him to end it all at long last. The film maybe walks along a fool gradually in the center. That could well be an impression of the heavy section of time, the long periods of recovery one needs to experience before accomplishing salvation and encountering opportunity. The cinematography is close to astounding. The sodden blue, green, and dim dividers, which now and again appear shades of high contrast, mirror the trademark bluntness of jail life. The Shawshank Redemption is additionally an account of fellowship between two spirits â⬠Andy and Red (Morgan Freeman). It is an account of how two people from differentiating foundations â⬠one blameworthy of homicide and the other guiltless, meet up to help one another. While Red, ââ¬Å"the man who can make you anything in prison,â⬠encourages him get hold of a stone sledge â⬠the instrument that causes him accomplish his objective of
Saturday, August 22, 2020
Individual summar Week 3 Essay
Individual summar Week 3 Essay Individual summar Week 3 Essay Collection premise bookkeeping is recording exchanges as the administration happens, regardless of whether money isn't gotten at this point (Kimmel, 2009). It bodes well that most organizations would pick along these lines to me as I feel this is the most ideal approach to monitor cash that you will get and stay up with the latest. The money premise bookkeeping isn't recorded until the exchange until the money is gotten (Kimmel, 2009). This to me would get truly befuddling in the event that you are anticipating installment for an occupation previously done. On the off chance that you neglect to add it to your fiscal summaries or recollect what the approaching money is for you may get turned around. The primary distinction between the two to me is the way that one is recorded with out the money being paid and the other isn't recorded until the money is entirely hand. I might likewise want to know in my reports that I am anticipating that money so I can represent it in future months. A nother explanation is that when taking a gander at the numbers spread out the numbers for the money premise bookkeeping can look deluding for the organization. The explanation that money premise is denied under sound accounting guidelines, is that it doesnââ¬â¢t record income when it is earned, that disregards the income acknowledgment rule. Additionally it doesnââ¬â¢t record the costs when they are acquired which thusly would disregard the coordinating guideline. At long last when contrasting the distinctions of the two bookkeeping types itââ¬â¢s simple to perceive any reason why gathering premise bookkeeping is the
Management of Email in a Government Agency Essay -- Email Management P
I frequently read specialized diaries and data the executives distributions in print just as online articles or white papers. I like to teach myself just as remain current on the latest data on Information Management. I feel for my explanatory exposition itââ¬â¢s best to adhere to what I know and what Iââ¬â¢m acquainted with. The article I decided to expound on originates from the January/February 2014 issue of Information Management , an ARMA Publication. It tends to the continuous issues of email the board and email maintenance. Most associations, regular citizen and government battle with the issue of email stockpiling and email maintenance. In a perfect world it would be the craving of the association to confine the measure of email and the length of email maintenance to a no matter how you look at it time span, 3 years, 5 years, 7 years, 10 years or longer for explicit records. Albeit uniform maintenance periods are an objective and goal for some associations, it isnââ¬â¢t sensible for most government elements. Dr. William Saffady starts his article ââ¬Å"Taking Control of E-Mail with Uniform Retention Rulesâ⬠scrutinizing the common sense of timetable based maintenance periods for the administration of email and electronic correspondence. He suggests an elective arrangement of overseeing email messages by receiving uniform maintenance rules. Dr. Saffady is presently Professor at the Palmer School of Library and Information Science, Long Island University in New Your City, where he shows seminars on data the board points. He is certainly knowledgeable in his field and more than qualified in his appraisal if email the executives. In spite of the fact that Dr. Saffady is very much able to his supposition and cause suggestions yet I to need to differ with his as... ...urrently Cook County where I work have more than 20,000 representatives. The administration of email for 20,000 workers is an immense assignment yet one that must be paid attention to. References Arizona State Library of Archives and Public Records. (n.d.). ââ¬Å"Guideline for overseeing open records sent and got by means of electronic mailâ⬠. http://www.azlibrary.gov/records/GuidanceAndRelatedResources/GuidelinesForManagingPublicRecordsSentAndReceivedViaElectronicMail.aspx Live Office â⬠Your Archiving Experts. (2010 July). ââ¬Å" Best Practices Guide for Email Retention.â⬠Recovered March 11, 2014 from http://www.liveoffice.com/destinations/default/records/whitepapers/Best_Practices_Guide_for_Email_Retention_0.pdf Saffady, William, PhD., (2014) ââ¬Å"Taking Control of E-Mail with Uniform Retention Rulesâ⬠, Data Management, An ARMA International Publication, Volume 48, No 1, 20-26
Friday, August 21, 2020
Protestant Reformation and economy
Presentation Social extremist have been attempting to decide the connection among religion and financial development particularly during the medieval occasions in Europe and America. It has been contended that the development of Protestants from the Catholic Church had a constructive outcome in the financial development. This is on the grounds that Protestants had an industrialist philosophy while the Catholics despite everything clutched the communist philosophies, which ruined financial growth.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Protestant Reformation and economy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More England and Netherlands for instance characteristic their monetary development during the seventeenth and eighteenth century to the adjustment in their religion from the conventional Catholic convictions. Simultaneously Spain and Italy observed a decrease in their economy and political steadiness during a similar period. Numerous researchers estimat e that this fall may be because of the way that these domains despite everything clutched the conventional Catholic convictions. Max Weber hypothesis Many researchers have thought of speculations which have attempted to clarify the relationship of Protestantism and monetary development during the medieval occasions. Perhaps the most grounded hypothesis was advanced by Max Weber in his exposition which was discharged in 1905 called Protestant Ethic (Cantoni 1). To this date antiquarians, researchers and sociologists have never gone to a concurrence on the right importance of Weberââ¬â¢s thoughts. In any case, during the good 'ol days, the article was comprehended in its least difficult terms where individuals accepted that financial development was firmly identified with the adjustments in religion which were experienced during the sixteenth and seventieth century. With time, various individuals had diverse translation of the article which realized contentions because of contrast in philosophies that individuals had. The sixteenth century is where Europe and America encountered a ton of monetary changes. Quite a bit of these progressions had just been experienced even before the time of transformation. Be that as it may, it is during the renewal time frame that extreme changes happened in the economy. That is the reason numerous researchers like Weber accept that the adjustment in religion may have changed peopleââ¬â¢s philosophies, activating monetary development. At the point when individuals began to grasp the new strict belief systems they likewise built up the idea of private enterprise, a key factor that prompted monetary development throughout the years. This prompted the improvement of exchange on a credit framework and the advancement of organizations and worker's guilds. The western human advancement was occupied with mass importation of sugar, silver and gold. There was likewise a gigantic increment in the Trans-Atlantic slave exchange which in cluded a lot of cash that prompted the improvement of the Atlantic beach front urban areas. This prompted a move in exchange from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic because of the great market that the Atlantic area was advertising. Therefore a few vendors turned out to be exceptionally rich in this way spread their organizations to new districts resisting the principles which were set up by the state or the congregation the vast majority of which were administered by catholic convictions. During these occasions numerous individuals appreciated syndications and subsequently forced high loaning rates to the advances which they offered to people.Advertising Looking for paper on business financial matters? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In his exposition Weber accepted that the western human advancement was recognized from different social orders by its soul of private enterprise. This is on the grounds that the vast majority of the individuals in these social orders were Protestants and they grasp the common austerity a response to the teaching of destiny. He accepted that avarice and the affection for bringing in cash were the key components behind free enterprise. Supporters of Weberââ¬â¢s Work Kemper Fullerton was one of the individuals who protected crafted by Weber. He said that individuals have been having the component of covetousness for their entire lives however the requirements in the general public smothered this inclination. He accepted that the components of free enterprise had been available in all social orders yet did not have the privilege of condition to grow out. This is on the grounds that the customary religion and the early church were against the exercises which would have prompted the improvement of free enterprise in the general public. Weber additionally found that there was a contrast between the ways of life of the individuals who were Catholics and Protestants and that t his distinction couldn't have been simply a question of possibility however it held a few components of truth behind everything. In this way, Calvinism ethos brought about the development of free enterprise in the medieval social orders. That is the reason Weber alluded to Benjamin Franklin as the dad of free enterprise. Franklin most acclaimed express was; time is cash. Individuals in this way expected to buckle down constantly and make as much as possible in light of the fact that once time is gone it can't be repurchased. In this manner to industrialists, bringing in cash is to a greater extent an energy. As expressed before, Weber accepted that Protestantism had an immediate impact to private enterprise. In his postulation Weber took a gander at two towns in old Germany (during the sixteenth century). One town had Catholic adherents while the other had protestants, basically Lutherans. These two towns along these lines offered extraordinary conditions for his examinations. He fi gured out how to see that Protestants earned more pay when contrasted with the Catholics. He likewise saw that the Protestants went to specialized schools while Catholics went to liberal craftsmanship schools. He along these lines reasoned that Calvinism was fruitful in ingraining the idea that work and moneymaking was a business. This demeanor subsequently could have been the road through which private enterprise rose through into the cutting edge society during the medieval occasions which later prompted industrialization and monetary development in Europe and North America. In actuality, numerous strict researchers additionally call attention to that Calvinism was a methods through which middle class and urbanization created from which at long last prompted the development of organizations, the economy and industrialization.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Protestant Reformation and economy explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More People in th is way became sane and created innovative spirits since they realized that difficult work prompted accomplishment by the day's end. Individuals along these lines committed quite a bit of their time in business exercises and amassing of capital. Calvinists urban communities additionally affirmed inconvenience of financing costs on cash obtained particularly for business purposes, a thing which the catholic urban areas had would not support. Premium earned from cash earned caused the bank to feel the estimation of his cash and furthermore gave them additional cash to put resources into different organizations. This made the economy of protestant urban communities to be a lot more grounded contrasted with catholic urban communities. One should in this manner expect because of these hypotheses that protestant urban communities had a more grounded financial development when contrasted with catholic urban areas particularly if the urban areas had a solid potential in business and exchange . Different speculations recommend that the ascent in Protestantism changed individuals convictions and philosophies. These progressions had a positive effect in the improvement of the soul of trade in people. This is on the grounds that these convictions had a type of financial lessons to the individuals who had confidence in them. A few parts of Protestantism like the puritans and pietists may have prompted the rise of present day science. The protestant lessons likewise worried on singular opportunity and adaptability in life which may have made people to be available to present day thoughts. On the off chance that these hypotheses are valid, at that point Protestantism may have assumed an enormous job in monetary turn of events and modern upset during the medieval occasions. Different researchers recommend that trust is a significant component in the improvement of solid financial ties and market trade. In old human advancement when urban areas were under the catholic standard t here was absence of trust even among the pioneers of the general public. This is on the grounds that the various leveled administration under Catholicism debilitated even binds among individuals prompting absence of trust in these people. Various leveled states along these lines acted in a to some degree poor way as far as political security, monetary turn of events, community interest, advancement of framework and partnerships. Further investigations on the issue show that Protestants are not prone to lie on charges, accept hush money yet may effortlessly confide in an outsider dissimilar to Catholics who don't effectively confide in outsiders, show their young ones frugality and don't manage rivalries. This may be reasons why Protestant states became more grounded as far as improvement when contrasted with Catholic states.Advertising Searching for paper on business financial aspects? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More To elucidate further on the hypothesis, it is accepted that Protestants Cities showed their kin how to peruse and compose along these lines they were educated not normal for the individuals living in catholic urban communities. They in this way could peruse and decipher the good book on their own which may have lead to the amassing of human capital. This may have prompted the improvement of the modern economy by the Protestants particularly during the nineteenth century. An old style case of this was in the Prussian people group who were basically Lutherans and were instructed how to peruse and compose while they were in grade schools. They in this way became proficient and obtained a lot of riches both in the urban communities and on the field which gave them a solid base of monetary capital. History specialists have proceeded to examine further crafted by Weber and found that his work had a worldwide and all inclusive application. They state that he may have created the term sanity as a key angle to the advancement of present day private enterprise. In his theory, the term judiciousness recognized present day free enterprise from different types of advancement. As per these his
Waiting for an Angel By Helon Habila
Helon Habila is an artist and an exposition essayist who experienced childhood in Gombe, Nigeria. At the point when he was a kid, it was when Gombe was recuperating from a common war. His dad, who used to work at the Nigerian Ministry of Works, envisioned Habila to be an architect. In any case, he surrendered that fantasy when he started giving Habila some sentiment writing and Arabic works of art. Rather than focusing on Nigeria, Habila invested the greater part of his energy going in better places. He additionally had perused extraordinary books from renowned Nigerian journalists like Chinua Achebe and Ben Okri.While understanding books, Habila likewise took in the dominance of narrating. In his elementary school, his educator saw his ability and requested that he recount stories in different classes. After auxiliary school, Habila took a certificate in building at Bauchi University of Technology in Nigeria. Yet, following a year, he dropped out and moved to College of Arts and Sci ence. Be that as it may, he despite everything didn't get fulfilled and stop school for all time. Habila discovered his life going no place when he got a duplicate of a novel by E. M. Forster, the Aspects of the Novel. This tale returned him to his enthusiasm for literature.He then invested his energy in his room perusing and composing. During the period he was beginning his new life, his dad and his sibling kicked the bucket in a mishap. This time, he entered again another college to contemplate English and Literature. At last, he succeeded. For a long time, he turned into an associate teacher at Federal Polytechnic at Bauchi. During his stay there, he had composed two artistic pieces, an account of a boss and an unpleasant duplicate of a novel entitled ââ¬Å"Prison Storiesâ⬠. It was about laced accounts of a youthful columnist during the system of General Abacha.When the majority rules system was recovered in Nigeria, Habila seeks after his composing vocation. Constantly 200 0, he had just won two major honors: the MuSon Poetry Festival Prize for his ââ¬Å"Another Ageâ⬠and Liberty Bank Prize for ââ¬Å"The Butterfly and the Artistâ⬠. Habila likewise won the Commonwealth Writers Prize last 2003 for his novel Waiting for an Angel. His most recent novel starting today is the Measuring Time (Bures). The Setting The setting of the novel ââ¬Å"Waiting for an Angelâ⬠is in Nigeria during 1990s. During this time, the state was overwhelmed and managed by cruel brutality.Also, viciousness on human rights is extremely pervasive in the nation. Nigeria was banished from Commonwealth of Nations. Furthermore, practically all nations have charges against Nigeria. This was the circumstance when the novel occurred. The military or oppressive administration of General Sani Abacha killed the basic thinking about the countriesââ¬â¢ skilled journalists and researchers (Whipple). The Characters The fundamental character of the story is Lomba. He is a writ er and a disturbed author who was in jail during the initial segment of the part. He composes sonnets furtively during his incarceration.His flat mate, Bola, loses mental soundness after his family kicked the bucket. Bola likewise experienced ruthlessness from the hands of the cops. Mauftu is an administrator in Lombaââ¬â¢s jail. At the point when he discovered the affection sonnets composed by Lomba, the guard approached him to compose stanzas for the young lady he was pursuing, Janice. Janice is an instructor being argued by Lomba to spare him. Notwithstanding, the educator can't spare him even she knows Lombaââ¬â¢s inconveniences. James Fiki is the supervisor of ââ¬Å"The Dialâ⬠, the production where Lomba was working. Kela is an understudy and Lombaââ¬â¢s neighbor in Poverty Street.Kela took in the postcolonial history in Nigeria through his English educator who is a lobbyist and through his different experiences. Alice is Lombaââ¬â¢s first love. Notwithstandin g, their romantic tale didn't have an upbeat closure since Alice mandatory wedded a rich man with the goal that she can take care of the emergency clinic tabs of her mom. Joshua Amusu was an instructor and a lobbyist who asked Lomba to cover his show against a false government. The Plot Helon Habila depicts the novel ââ¬Å"Waiting for an Angelâ⬠occurring during the system of General Sani Abacha, when unrest and brutality is on the rise.The story presented Lomba as an optimistic understudy in Lagos who endeavors to compose books in his condo in Morgan Street while working for the paper, the Dial. Instantly, his flat mate Bola was assaulted and beaten by cops during that time alongside different writers. In the interim, workplaces of Dial were likewise scorched. After the whole frequency, Lomba decides to partake in prodemocracy fight. During the exhibition, he was seized and placed into prison for a long time. This tale was described in a flashback.It began with Lombaââ¬â¢s circumstance in prison and got done with feature occasions heading off to his detainment (Zaleski) References: Jeff Zaleski. ââ¬Å"Waiting for an Angel. â⬠Rev. of: title_of_work_reviewed_in_italics, clarifying_information. Distributers Weekly 9 Dec. 2002: 61. ABI/INFORM Global. ProQuest. ***INSERT Library name or framework, City, State***. 14 Aug. 2007 http://www. proquest. com/Bures, Frank. Everything Follows: An Interview with Helon Habila. 14 August 2007 <http://www. pw. organization/mag/0301/bures. htm>. Whipple, Mary. Sitting tight for an Angel. 01 June 2004. 14 August 2007 <http://www. mostlyfiction. com/world/habila. htm >.
Tuesday, June 30, 2020
SAT Percentiles 2016
See How Your SAT Scores Compare to Other Test-Takers The College Board recently released the percentiles for the new SAT, giving students a better idea of how they compare to other test-takers now that the SAT has adopted a new scoring scale. For students taking the new SAT, the 1600-point scale has been hard to grasp, and many wonder how ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠their new score is on the new scoring scale. These percentiles can help students see how their scores stack up and where they fall in comparison to other test-takers. In addition to the new SAT percentiles, the College Board also released the SAT score conversion chart, which allows students to see how their old scores translate into the new 1600-point scale and vice-versa. Below is the SAT percentile chart for the total scores. To see the percentile charts for individual sections, click here. Total Score Percentile 1600-1520 99+ 1510-1450 99 1440-1420 98 1410-1390 97 1380-1370 96 1360 95 1350-1340 94 1330-1320 93 1310 92 1300 91 1290 90 1280 89 1270 88 1260 87 1250 86 1240 85 1230 84 1220 83 1210 82 1200 81 1190 80 1180 78 1170 77 1160 76 1150 74 1140 73 1130 71 1120 70 1110 69 1100 67 1090 65 1080 63 1070 61 1060 60 1050 58 1040 56 1030 54 1020 52 1010 50 1000 48 990 46 980 44 970 42 960 40 950 38 940 36 930 35 920 33 910 31 900 29 890 27 880 26 870 24 860 23 850 21 840 20 830 18 820 17 810 16 800 14 790 13 780 11 770 10 760 9 750 8 740 7 730 6 720 5 710-700 4 690 3 680-670 2 660-630 1 620-400 1- For more resources on the new SAT and its scoring, check out these articles. Decoding Your New SAT Scores SAT Score Conversion Chart Everything You Need to Know About the New SAT: Part I Everything You Need to Know About the New SAT: Part II SAT vs. ACT: Which College Entrance Exam Should You Take? Tips for Students Taking the New SAT in 2016
Monday, June 8, 2020
Gordon Gekko The True Hero of Wall Street - Literature Essay Samples
Wall Street best reflects the values of conspicuous consumption which came to define the 1980s. From a historical perspective, some of the most interesting works of art which fail to convey the artistsââ¬â¢ message and become popular for reasons that the artist did not intend. Often, this dynamic works when there is a particular character that is supposed to be the villain and yet takes over. The quintessential example is Miltonââ¬â¢s Paradise Lost in which Lucifer became the hero for readers and an inspiration for the Romantic Movement, particularly Lord Byron. In Wall Street, Gordon Gekko becomes the Lucifer character and he is supposed to be the villain; yet, the movieââ¬â¢s popularity is due to Michael Douglasââ¬â¢ performance which inspired a generation of financial professionals. The irony of the movie is that it was meant to be a meditation on how greed corrupts. Charlie Sheen was supposed to be the hero and the focal point. His journey from young eager broker to insider trader is supposed to highlight the way that greed destroys people. Yet, Charlie Sheenââ¬â¢s character doesnââ¬â¢t manage to convey a man losing his soul, so much as a whiner who makes a lot of money and still canââ¬â¢t stop complaining until finally he turns his mentor into the police. In the absence of a relatable protagonist, the audienceââ¬â¢s sympathy turns to Gordon Gekko, who is portrayed by Michael Douglas as a man supremely comfortable in his own skin. There are several reasons for why Oliver Stone failed to convey his own message. Charlie Sheen was not nearly as good of an actor as Michael Douglas. In giving Gordon Gekko all of the best lines, Oliver Stone weighted the movie toward Gekko. Another theory agrees with Nathan Rabin when he states: ââ¬Å"All cinephiles reac h a moment in their intellectual development when they realize that Oliver Stone is full of sââ¬Å" (Rabin, 2011, p. 14) This certainly jibes with most Oliver Stone movies including The Doors and JFK. Oliver Stone often comes off like a college freshman who has just discovered Howard Zinn or Noam Chomsky and canââ¬â¢t stop talking about conspiracies and imperialism. However, Gordon Gekko as a character spoke for many Americans in the 1980s, particularly wealthy investors who had had enough of the chaos that they saw in the 1960s and 1970s. The election of Reagan ushered in a new area in which a healthy economy was the primary consideration as long as it pertained to Americans who considered themselves middle class and ââ¬Å"upper middle class.â⬠The attitude of the times can be characterized in Paul Johnsonââ¬â¢s Modern Times thus: ââ¬Å"one striking and unwelcome phenomenon of the 1970s and still more of the 1980s was the growth of what were euphemistically termed ââ¬Ëone-parent familiesââ¬â¢, in most cases mothers, usually dependent on welfare payments, looking after children on their own. These deprived children were the products of promiscuity and divorce.â⬠(p. 781) Note that Johnson is implying that welfare is simply another way to support promiscuity. The poor children are not children that need to be taken care of an d fostered in society. Instead, they are simply ââ¬Ëproducts of promiscuity.ââ¬â¢ In Gordon Gekkoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Greed is Goodâ⬠speech, he begins by stating that America has become a second rate power due to the fiscal and trade deficit. ââ¬Å"Now, in the days of the free market when our country was a top industrial tower, there was accountability to stock holders. The Carnegies, the Mellons, the men that built this great industrial empire made sure of it because it was their money at stake.â⬠(Stone, 1987) Gekko is speaking during one of the strongest economic growth periods in the history of America and he still believes that it is broken. In fact, the 1987 market collapse would prove that most of the growth under the Reagan era was illusory; however, the speech is the speech of a man who has become successful beyond his wildest dreams and yet still dreams of an era when the government spent money on the military and left the business owners alone. The free market is not just an abstract concept to Gekko; it is the standard by which all other econom ic systems are judged. As long as social programs such as social security and welfare still exist, the market cannot be free. Beyond the scene itself, the limitations of the financial market are put forth. Gekko is not speaking out against the board of the paper company because he thinks that he can run the paper company better himself. He is speaking out against the board of the paper company because he knows that if he takes over the company, he will be able to make more money before taking it apart. When confronted about why he is wrecking that company, he states that it is wreckable. Yet, Gekko has convinced the audience to allow him to run the company into the ground on the assumption that when he says that ââ¬Å"greed is goodâ⬠that their greed will be rewarded. Gekko further explains that ââ¬Å"Somebody wins. Somebody loses.â⬠Even more than the ââ¬Å"greed is goodâ⬠line, this characterizes 80s excess since the economic recovery did not pertain to everyone. In the 1980s, the inner city was extremely dangerous. The politicians ignored the inner city as cocaine was rendered more powe rful and cheaper in the form of crack. Even as some people were making more money than ever before, others languished in poverty. The more interesting parts about the ââ¬Å"Somebody wins. Somebody losesâ⬠scene are in the ways that Oliver Stone undercuts his own scene with Gekko talking about how he doesnââ¬â¢t care about the little guy and how economics is largely an illusion while both Sheen and Douglas are in an office with an amazing view of New York City and expensive artwork. The Scotch is ready and the ice is clinking in the glasses. Thereââ¬â¢s a bonsai tree in the corner and modern lighting. Even as the audience is listening to Stoneââ¬â¢s dialogue about how stock and real estate speculation is ââ¬Å"bullsââ¬Å", the scene is overcoming all objections. Stone gives the audience loaded lines such as ââ¬Å"youââ¬â¢re not naà ¯ve enough to think that we are living in a democracyâ⬠and they swallow it because Gordon Gekkoââ¬â¢s entire office and demeanor are those of a man who has succeeded in making a fortune where there shouldnââ¬â¢t be money. Even more interesting is the fact that even though the movie hinges on insider trading scandals. Yet, the average viewer did not understand why insider trading is necessarily a bad thing. When Gordon Gekko convinces Charlie Sheenââ¬â¢s character to engage in insider trading, he uses the fact that proprietary information is being put forth all the time and the differences between Sheen finding out information from his father and Sheen investigating the insider information of a company is academic. Even though insider trading was a major deal in the 1980s and it means that some investors succeeded through nefarious means in an unfair methodology that meant that some people without the same connections lost their investments. Still, it appears like a minor SEC rule that is working against a purely free market economy to most. In the character of Gordon Gekko, insider trading is a minor concern. Gordon Gekko is so convincing and insider trading is so easily dismissed, that the Charlie Sheenââ¬â¢s character deciding to engage in insider trading does not translate to the intended man losing his soul story so much as someone manning up and doing what needs to be done. This scene in the limousine concludes with another signifier of the era in which Gekkoââ¬â¢s limousine drives past a businessman and a homeless man on a street corner. He says ââ¬Å"youââ¬â¢re going to tell me that the difference between this guy and that guy is luck?â⬠Even more than the ââ¬Å"greed is goodâ⬠and the ââ¬Å"somebody has to loseâ⬠scenes, this scene encompasses the mind set of the upper middle class American in the 1980s. The homeless man is not just homeless because of bad luck. The homeless man is homeless because he cannot work hard. He cannot do what it takes to make it in New York. Meanwhile, the man in the business suit has the wealth that gives him a standard of living due to the fact that he can not only work hard, but he is also capable of performing acts of a morally dubious nature. The excesses of wealth accompanied by the comforting lies that wealthy individuals tell themselves about being in their position due to ââ¬Å"hard workâ⬠and ââ¬Å"doing what needs to get doneâ⬠is not a dynamic confined to the 1980s. However, the 1980s saw the most drastic turning away from social programs and constraints upon the free market in the 20th century and the kind of man who will assume that he is on top because ââ¬Ësomebody has got to winââ¬â¢ and that justifies stepping over other people and acting unethically was celebrated in the 1980s. Gordon Gekko embodied this kind of thinking and became a hero for free market Republicans despite his role in the movie as a villain. References Johnson, P. (2001). Modern times revised edition: The world from the twenties to the nineties. New York: Harper Perennial Classics. Rabin, N. (2010). My year of flops: The a.v. club presents one manââ¬â¢s journey deep into the heart of cinematic failure. New York: Simon and Schuster. Stone, O. (1987). Wall Street. Los Angeles: Paramount.
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